Sexual intercourse

 

 

The process by which spermatozoa are deposited in the vagina.

 

 

A three phase process   

 

Erection

Lubrication

Orgasm

 

 

 

Male

 

 

Erection 

 

Initiated by psychic or physical stimulation

Parasympathetic impulses from sacral part of spinal cord.

Dilation of arteries of penis, with venous constriction.

Blood fills cavernous spaces of spongy bodies, erectile tissue.

 

 

 

Lubrication   

 

Bulbourethral glands produce mucous during sexual stimulation.

 

 

 

Orgasm        

 

Ejaculation

A single experience

A sympathetic spinal reflex function, L1 and L2

L1 and L2 fibres pass to the genital organs via the hypogastric plexus to initiate emission

Peristaltic contractions of the ducts in the testes, epididymides and seminal ducts

Sperm propelled into urethra, a process termed emission

S1 S2 impulses reach skeletal muscles at base of penis to produce ejaculation

Also peristaltic contractions of seminal vesicles and prostate.

 

 

Female

 

As in the male sexual sensory information is transmitted via the sacral segments of the spinal cord through the pudendal nerve and the sacral plexus.

 

 

Erection 

 

Involves the clitoris and increased blood flow

A parasympathetic activity

Involvement of erectile tissue

 

 

 

Lubrication   

 

Parasympathetic sacral impulses go to greater vestibular glands, (Bartholin`s gland) beneath the labia minora

Lubrication also comes from vaginal secretions and a little from the male

 

 

 

Orgasm        

 

May be primarily vaginal or clitoral

Reflexes from tactile stimulation of the genitalia

Also a psychic component

May cause contraction of the uterus

May cause increased respiration, pulse and BP

May be multiple and of varying intensity

Seems to assist fertilization

 

 

 

 

 

After orgasm

 

After about 15 minutes seminal fluid liquefies to allow sperm to swim through the cervix

 

Prostaglandins in semen and oxytocin from the posterior pituitary released during female orgasm may stimulate uterine contractions to aid the journey of the sperm towards the fallopian tube

 

Female fertility depends on the stage of the menstrual cycle