First Aid

Stages

Assess

Any further danger

Appear calm

Use available resources

Diagnose

Look

Smell

Listen

Feel

Tap

Intervention

Each intervention must have a clear rationale

Disposal

As soon as possible

Communicate

Priorities

Preserve life

Prevent further injury, prevent condition becoming worse

Do no harm

Other treatments

Promote recovery

Airway

Breathing

Circulation

Cervical spine

Haemorrhage

Head injury

Open fractures

Closed fractures

Other injuries

Respiration

Asphyxia

Causes

Remove cause

Open the airway

IPPV PRN

Recovery position

Electric shock

Sucking wounds

Circulation

Assessment

Fainting

Shock

External haemorrhage

Internal haemorrhage

Wounds

Clean

Tear

Puncture

Abrasion

Gunshot

Bites

Foreign bodies

Secondary infection

Support and elevate

Nose bleeds

Ear bleeds

Clear fluid from nose or ear

Varicose veins

Blunt trauma

Nervous system

Unconscious patient

Airway

Spine

Conditions effecting the NS

Tonic clonic fits

Open head injuries

Closed head injuries

Stroke

Diabetes

Burns

Area

Thickness

Dry

Moist

Cold

Chemical

Radiation

Inhalation

Heat exhaustion

Hyperthermia

Fractures

Systemic support

Open

Closed

Vascular involvement

Nerve involvement

Diagnosis

Immobilise

Traction

Haemorrhage

Muscles, ligaments, joints

Sprain

Strain

Dislocation

Cramp

Hernia

Pains

Chest pain

Abdominal

Headache

Neckache

Backache

Foreign bodies

Eye

Ear

Nose

In the tissues

Stings

Poisons

Oral

Inhalation

Transdermal

Allergy

Food

Animal

Drugs

Local

Systemic

Situations

1. A child of 8 has poured scalding hot water over his abdomen and thighs whilst attempting to make a surprise cup of tea for his mum. How can you help?

2. Your friend has cut into the palm of her hand with a knife whilst making you supper. What should you do?

3. A man in the cinema inhales a boiled sweet whilst laughing at the film, and starts to choke. What action should you take?

4. You are walking in the park when a dog runs up to you and your dog. The dogs start fighting and you try to separate them. The other owner tries to, and in the process gets. Bitten on the hand. How can you help?

5. You are watching the local Saturday boys team playing rugby when one man falls over whilst being tackled and cannot get up. His foot is at an unusual angle, and he is complaining of severe pain. What should you do?

6. You arrive one morning to visit your grandmother, and find her on the floor, cold and in pain. She says she fell in the night whilst going to the toilet. What should you do?

7. You are having your house painted. The decorator slips off his ladder whilst painting the upstairs windows, and falls to the floor. What actions should you take?

8. Your neighbour rushes round to find you ‑ her 3 year old child has swallowed a bottle of pills. What should you do?

9. You are out shopping; and it is icy. The lady in front of you slips and puts her arms out to save herself. She falls heavily onto her right arm. How can you help hey?

10. You are at home. Your child has a friend round to play. Suddenly, you are called as the friend has started to wheeze quite severely. What action should you take?